This information is from numerous websites and ebooks which use information available on Wikipedia and from other websites. This information is widely available. I am not passing this information off as my own ;-)
Communication
It is important for the handler to
understand communication from the dog. The dog can give signals that he is
unsure, confused, nervious, excited and happy ect. For a dog to learn
efficiently the emotional state of the dog is important for directing the
training, if a dog is stressed or distracted it will not learn
efficiently.
According to Learning Theory there are four basic important message that the handler can send the dog.
Reward or release marker
Keep going signal
No reward marker
Punishment marker
Being consistent with signals or words for these mssages enable the dog to understand them quickly
It is important to not that the dog's reward is not the same as the reward marker. The reward marker is a signal that tells the dog that he has earned the reward, this reward marker can be a clicker.
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
Basically, dog training is about communication. From the human perspective, the handler is communicating to the dog what behaviours are correct, desired, or preferred in what circumstandces and what behaviours are undesirable. From the canine perspective the handler must learn what motivates the dog if optimal results are desired. Remember training should be fun for both dig and handler.
The meanings of these four signals are taught to the dog through repetition, so that he may form an association by classical conditioning so that the dog associates the punishment marker with the punishment itself.
Failure to reward after the reward marker diminishes the value of the reward marker and makes training difficult. These four messages may be communicated verbally or with nonverbal signals. Clickers are frequently used as a reward marker. Hand signals and body language also play an important part in leaning for dogs.
Dogs do not simplify commands easily. A command which may work, indoors might be confusing out of doors in a park or in a different situation. The command will need to be re-taught in each new situation, for instance when training at home, you train in every room of the house including garden. This is sometimes called "cross-contextualization, "meaning the dog has to apply what's been learned to many different contexts.
According to Learning Theory there are four basic important message that the handler can send the dog.
Reward or release marker
Keep going signal
No reward marker
Punishment marker
Being consistent with signals or words for these mssages enable the dog to understand them quickly
It is important to not that the dog's reward is not the same as the reward marker. The reward marker is a signal that tells the dog that he has earned the reward, this reward marker can be a clicker.
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
Basically, dog training is about communication. From the human perspective, the handler is communicating to the dog what behaviours are correct, desired, or preferred in what circumstandces and what behaviours are undesirable. From the canine perspective the handler must learn what motivates the dog if optimal results are desired. Remember training should be fun for both dig and handler.
The meanings of these four signals are taught to the dog through repetition, so that he may form an association by classical conditioning so that the dog associates the punishment marker with the punishment itself.
Failure to reward after the reward marker diminishes the value of the reward marker and makes training difficult. These four messages may be communicated verbally or with nonverbal signals. Clickers are frequently used as a reward marker. Hand signals and body language also play an important part in leaning for dogs.
Dogs do not simplify commands easily. A command which may work, indoors might be confusing out of doors in a park or in a different situation. The command will need to be re-taught in each new situation, for instance when training at home, you train in every room of the house including garden. This is sometimes called "cross-contextualization, "meaning the dog has to apply what's been learned to many different contexts.
